Urticaria (Hives): Common Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

INTRODUCTION

In simple words, urticaria, also known as pitti in Hindi and hives in English, is a common skin problem.

In this condition, red rashes suddenly appear on the skin along with swelling and mild to severe itching.

It usually happens when the body reacts to something, such as an allergy or trigger. Because of this reaction, the skin develops raised patches that may last for a few hours or even several days.

Urticaria can affect anyone — from children to adults.

What is urticaria/hives (pitti)?

Urticaria, also known as pitti or hives, is a skin-related health problem. In this condition, small or large red raised patches suddenly appear on the body.

These patches often look like mosquito bites and can cause intense itching and discomfort.

It usually happens when the body reacts to something it does not like, such as certain foods, medicines, or other triggers. Because of this reaction, these itchy patches appear on the skin.

Sometimes, these patches go away on their own after some time, or they improve with proper treatment.

However, in serious cases, such as a strong reaction to a medicine, immediate medical help may be needed.

Many people ignore this condition, thinking it is normal, but if hives occur repeatedly, they should not be taken lightly, and a doctor should be consulted.

Causes of Urticaria/Hives 

There can be many reasons for urticaria, but some of the most common and important causes are listed below:

1. Allergic Reaction

Hives often happen when the body reacts to something it is allergic to. During this reaction, the body releases a chemical called histamine, which causes itching and red rashes on the skin.

2. Food Reaction

Foods like eggs, nuts, seafood, milk, and packaged foods can trigger hives in some people. This happens because the immune system wrongly sees these foods as harmful.

3. Medicine Reaction

Hives can also appear after taking certain medicines such as painkillers, antibiotics, or injections. In some cases, this reaction can be serious, so medical advice may be needed.

4. Infection, Weather, and Stress

Viral infections, extreme cold or heat, pressure on the skin, or high stress can also make the immune system overreact. This may lead to the development of hives.

Symptoms of Urticaria (Hives)

1. Sudden red or pale raised patches appear on the skin

2. There is severe itching where the patches appear

3. The patches look like mosquito bites

4. The patches keep changing their location

5. Swelling may occur on the face, lips, eyes, hands, or feet

6. Sometimes, a burning feeling may occur

7. In some people, itching may increase at night

8. The patches may appear suddenly and disappear after some time

9. The skin may feel warm or tight in the affected area

These symptoms may last for a few hours or even several days depending on the body’s reaction.
In some cases, the itching and swelling may come and go repeatedly.

Serious Symptoms

If you notice any of the following symptoms:

• Difficulty in breathing

• Severe swelling in the throat or tongue

• Dizziness or restlessness

In such cases, immediate medical attention is needed. A doctor or hospital visit should not be delayed.

Note:
Hives may disappear on their own within 24 hours, and new patches may appear in other areas. This is often normal, but if it happens repeatedly, medical advice should be taken.

Prevention of Urticaria (Pitti)

Allergy Avoidance – Stay away from foods, medicines, or things that trigger your hives.

Diet Care – Avoid eggs, nuts, seafood, milk, packaged food, and very spicy food if they worsen your condition.

Medicine Safety – Do not take painkillers or other medicines without consulting a doctor.

Temperature Control – Avoid extreme cold, heat, sweating, and tight clothing.

Stress Management—Reduce stress and get proper sleep.

Gentle Skin Care – Use mild soap and avoid strong chemical products.

Treatment of Urticaria

• Find the Cause – Identify and avoid the food, medicine, or stress that triggers hives.

• Antihistamine Medicines – Doctors may give medicines to reduce itching and rashes.

• Cold Compress – Applying ice or a cold cloth can help reduce itching and swelling.

• Avoid Triggers – Stay away from things that make hives worse.

• Wear Loose Clothes—Comfortable clothing may help reduce skin irritation.

• Stay Calm—Reducing stress can help control symptoms.

• Treatment in Severe Cases – In serious cases, doctors may suggest special treatment.

• Regular Check-up in Chronic Cases – Long-term cases may need regular doctor follow-up.

When to See a Dermatologist

• If hives are happening again and again or not getting better

• If the rashes do not go away on their own within hours or days

• If itching is very severe and hard to control

• If there is swelling on the face, lips, eyes, or throat

• If there is difficulty in breathing (serious sign)

• If hives start after taking any medicine

• If hives occur repeatedly in children

Important: Do not delay in such situations. Seek medical help or visit a hospital immediately.

Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult a doctor before taking any medicine or treatment.

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